MATH21112 Rngs and Fields Example Sheet 2 - Rings and Subrings
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MATH21112 Rngs and Fields
Example Sheet 2 - Rings and Subrings
1. Let R be the set of functions f : R → R with addition and multiplication defined as
(f + g)(x) = f(x) + g(x) and (fg)(x) = f(x)g(x) for all x ∈ R.
Show that R is a ring by verifying the ring axioms (R1)-(R4).
2. Show that Z[√2] = {a + b√
2 | a, b ∈ Z}, with addition and multiplication of real numbers, is a ring. (Hint: show that it is a subring of R).
3. Let SL2 (Z) denote the set of all matrices of the form
with
a,b,c, d ∈ Z and ad - bc = 1.
Is this set a ring under matrix addition and multiplication? Is this set a group under matrix multiplication?
4. Consider the ring of matrices
How many elements are there in this ring? Write down some subrings of M2 (Z2 ).
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5. Show that the set Q[√2, √3] = {a + b√2 + c√3 + d√
6 | a,b,c, d ∈ Q} is a subring of R.
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Explain why Q[√2, √3] is the smallest subring of R containing Q, √2 and √3.
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(By ‘smallest subring’ here we mean that any other subring S of R which contains Q, √2 and √3 must contain Q[√2, √3].)
2024-06-17