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ACCT3000 Mock Final Exam Paper

ANSWER ALL FOUR (4) QUESTIONS.

[Total marks = 60 Marks]

QUESTION 1 (15 Marks)

You are the external auditor for ABCM Pty Ltd, a merchandising company. You have performed the following audit procedures:

(a) A random sample of creditors was selected from the invoices and reconciliations

(where appropriate) and agreed to the accounts payable ledger.                       (3 Marks)

(b)  Developed  a  simple  spreadsheet  model  to  enable  the  recalculation  of wages expenses. (3 Marks)

(c) Attended each monthly stock-take, selecting a sample of 130 items from the stock- sheets and agreeing them to the physical stock in the warehouse.                     (3 Marks)

(d) Gathered external confirmation from the financial controllers of two debtors of   ABCM Pty Ltd, regarding a total outstanding amount of $60,000 at balance date. (3 Marks)

(e) Asked one of your assistants to vouch the legal title documents pertaining to ABCM

Pty Ltd’s machineries in the factory.                                                                 (3 Marks)

Identify the key assertion that you are most likely testing with each of the above procedures and provide an explanation for your answer.

Solution:

Key

tested

assertion

Reason

(a)

Completeness

The auditor is tracing from the underlying source documents to the accounting records to check for any potential understatement issues. Tracing is likely being used to make sure, whether all the creditors that should have been recorded, have been recorded. Hance, the assertion of completeness.

(b)

Accuracy

The recalculation being performed here is to check the dollar value (accuracy assertion) of the payroll expenses recorded in the income statement.

(c)

Existence

Selected a sample of items from the stock sheets and physically verified their existence in the warehouse to confirm that the respective items of inventory which have been recorded actually exist. This audit procedure of conducting the audit trail from financial records to the source is called vouching and is conducted to test for overstatement issues.

(d)

Existence

External confirmation from the debtors is to verify and confirm that the both the outstanding debtors exist at balance date.

(e)

Rights Obligations

and

Verifying whether the entity has legal title or equivalent ownership rights to the machineries.

QUESTION 2 (15 Marks)

Ulysses Polytropos Ltd is an Australian company which manufactures travel products including suitcases, backpacks, wallets, hiking gear, clothing and other sundry travel- related  items.  The  market  for  these  products  is  characterised  by  fashion  conscious customers, innovation in design, high levels of competition and product costs pressure from cheaper but high quality-products from a variety of manufacturers around Asia. The market continues to grow which creates new opportunities but also attracts new entrants into the market. Ulysses Polytropos operates at the high quality, and high price, end of the market and has in recent years seen a decline in demand for its products despite the overall buoyant market. This has been attributed to demand for cheaper products as well as domestic customers buying online from around the world. In order to address this decline, the company has tried to change its research and development division but has struggled to attract employees with the vision to take the company forward.

In order to reduce production costs, the organisation invested in new manufacturing plant and reorganised the factory layout to create more efficient processes. This required a significant investment, only some of which was able to be financed by long-term bank loans. Ulysses Polytropos has fully drawn down on its bank overdraft facility, the banks are unwilling to provide further funds  and, in  order to manage cash  flows, creditor payment days have extended, leading to difficult relations with some key suppliers who will no longer do business with the company.

The forecast for the coming 12 months shows the cash position worsening so additional funds will be required to allow the company to continue meeting its obligations. The directors believe that it will take another 18 to 24 months to turn the business around and move back into profitability. The bank overdraft is being reviewed in two months’ time and the directors are confident that additional funds will be made available to allow the company to continue to trade for the next two years and then they will see the business

become successful again.

Required:

1.   Identify and explain any indicators that there are doubts about Ulysses Polytropos Ltd’s ability to continue as a going concern.      (7.5 Marks)

2.   Audit risk is said to be a function of inherent risk, control risk and detection risk. Explain audit risk. Define and differentiate between each of its components. (7.5 Marks) (Total 15 Marks)

Solution:

1.           Identify  and  explain  any  indicators  that  there  are  doubts  about  Ulysses Polytropos Ltd’s ability to continue as a going concern.

Going concern indicators:

o There has been a decline in demand for the company’s products, if this continues then it will be difficult to generate sufficient cash to survive as an organisation.

o The company is unable to recruit new research and development staff, this will make it difficult to develop new innovative products to meet the changing demands of customers.

o The company was unable to obtain the funds required to invest in new manufacturing plant, this would indicate that either the company has insufficient assets to provide the necessary security required by the bank or that the bank was not sufficiently confident in the company’s prospects to lend further funds. The prospects of obtaining new additional funds might be more difficult than the directors believe.

o The company is at its overdraft limit indicating immediate financial problems, the fact that some suppliers are not getting paid on time suggests that the company is unable to pay its debts today, it may be insolvent.

o The loss of key suppliers, the cash flow problems have meant that suppliers are no longer trading with the organisation which may mean difficulty in getting supplies leading to production problems.

o The forecast indicates continuing problems with cash flows for at least 12 months and possibly as long as 24 months; this will place greater difficulty on paying suppliers.

All these difficulties indicate that the organisation is going to have difficulty convincing the bank to provide additional funds. Without these funds, it would appear that the company is unlikely to survive 12 months never mind the possibility of 24 months that may be needed before things start to get better.

2. ASA 200 describes audit risk and its components. Audit risk (AR) is the risk that the auditor  gives  an  inappropriate  opinion  on  financial  statements  that  are  materially misstated.

The three components of audit risk are:

Inherent risk (IR) is the possibility that a material misstatement could occur in the absence of related internal controls. This risk exists independently of the audit of a financial report. The auditor cannot change the actual level of inherent risk.

Control risk (CR) is the risk that a material misstatement could occur and not be prevented or detected on a timely basis by the entity’s internal control structure. Control risk is a function  of the  effectiveness  of the  client’s  internal  control  structure  policies  and procedures.

Detection risk (DR) is the risk that any remaining misstatements will not be detected by the auditor’s substantive procedures. Detection risk is a function of the effectiveness of audit procedures and their application by the auditor.

QUESTION 3 (15 Marks)

Your client is Queenscorp Ltd, a diversified business operating throughout Australia. Year-   end was 30 June 2011, the auditor’s report was signed on 31 July 2011 and the financial  statements were mailed to shareholders on 14 August 2011.

During your subsequent events review you noted the following independent and material  items:

1.   Queenscorp has been  involved  in  a  legal  dispute  with  a  competitor  for  a number of  years.  The  dispute  relates  to  alleged breaches  of copyright by Queenscorp. On 27th  July you discovered that Queenscorp had settled legal action out of court on terms  more favourable than expected.

2.   On 10th  July one of Queenscorp’s major product lines developed a fault that rendered  the product unusable. Queenscorp became aware of the fault on 30 July. Although the   fault posed no  safety risks  to  consumers,  Queenscorp decided to launch a full product  recall on the following day.

3.   Queenscorp  has  invested  significant  funds  in  developing  a  new  type  of cholesterol- reducing margarine. On 7th July Queenscorp applied for a patent for the margarine,  only to discover that the competitor has lodged a similar application previously.  The   granting of Queenscorp’s application is now in doubt.

4.   Queenscorp’s bank loan is conditional upon certain ratios being maintained at  all   times.  On  20th August  you  discovered  that  one  of the  ratios  was breached for a 24- hour period on 18th August.

5.   In early June, one of Queenscorp’s largest debtors informed Queenscorp that it was  experiencing serious financial difficulties. On 5 July, Queenscorp was informed that   the  debtor  had  gone  into  receivership.  Preliminary  reports suggest Queenscorp will  recover only 10 cents in the dollar ofthe outstanding debt.

Required

(1) Describe your obligations as the auditor to each of the above subsequent events. Justify your answers, with reference to the relevant standard. (5 X 1 Mark = 5 Marks)

(2) For each of the events described above, select the appropriate action from the list

below  and justify your response:

A   Adjust the 30 June 2011 financial report.

B   Disclose the information in a note to the 30 June 2011 financial report.

C   Request the client recall the 30 June 2011 financial report for revision.

D  No action is required. (5 X 1 Mark = 5 Marks)

(3) What additional information would you obtain in relation to each of the events described  above? (5 X 1 Mark = 5 Marks) (Total 15 Marks)

Solution:

Period 1 events: Events after balance sheet date (30 June 2011) but before the date of the  audit report (31 July 2011).

Period 2 events: Events after the audit report date (31 July 2011) but before the date the  client issues financial statements (14 August 2011).

Period 3 events: Events after the client issues financial statements (14 August 2011).

Balance Sheet Date Audit Report Financials Issued

1.

Requirements (1) & (2): A. This is a post balance date event relating to conditions existing at balance date i.e. it is  an  adjusting  event.  Any loss  or  costs payable that can be verified should be recorded as  litigation costs or liability in the accounts. As the  dispute  has  been  there  for  a  number  of  years,  the  company  would  have  a contingent  liability account  for  this  dispute.  This  would  have  been  transferred  to liability account  which  is  incorporated  within  the  financial   statements as the legal dispute has been resolved. This is a period  1 event (ASA 560. 6, 7, 8)  wherein the auditor has proactive responsibility. Hence, the auditor must request management   to adjust the 30 June 2011 financial report.

Requirement (3): The auditor will need to discuss with management regarding the settlement of the legal  dispute and review the evidence of what amounts have been agreed upon to be paid etc. The  auditor should also contact the audit client’s solicitor about a solicitor’s representation letter   regarding this before the audit report is due to

be signed so as to establish any loss that should  be recorded in the accounts. 2.

Requirements (1) and (2): B. This is a post balance date event relating to conditions existing after the balance date i.e. it is a non-adjusting event. This event occurred after the balance date but before the audit report date. This is a period 1 event (ASA 560. 6, 7,  8) wherein the auditor has proactive  responsibility. The appropriate action for the auditor is to request that management disclose  the facts in the financial report.

Requirement (3): The auditor should discuss with management about the faulty product lines and the launch  of a  full  product  recall.  The  further  evidence  to  be  obtained

would be documentation to ensure that the dates given by the management were correct.

3.

Requirements (1) and (2): B. This event occurred after the balance date but before the audit report date. This is a period 1 event (ASA 560. 6, 7, 8) wherein the auditor has proactive responsibility. The  auditor should recommend the management to disclose the   event   and   its   implications   within  the  notes  of the  financial  statements  as Queenscorp has invested significant funds  in developing the new type of margarine. The application has just been lodged and there  is uncertainty about the results so there isn’t a need for adjust in the financial report.

Requirement (3): The  auditor  should confirm the  dates  on which  Queenscorp has applied for a patent for a  new  type  of margarine.  The  auditor  should  also  confirm with the patent registration  office or discuss with a patent expert on the probability of the  granting  of Queenscorp’s   application as well as discuss with management the implications of this event.

4.

Requirements (1) and (2): D.  This  event  occurred  after the  financials were mailed out to shareholders. This is a  period 3 event (ASA 560. 14) wherein the auditor has a reactive responsibility. In period 3 events, auditors have a responsibility  to examine only  events that come to their  attention and that existed at the date of the auditor’s report. Since the event i.e. a breach  in one of the ratios for a 24-hour period occurred after the audit report date, no action  recommended for this year’s accounts.

Requirement (3): This event occurred after the financial reports have been mailed did not exist at the date  of the mailing of the financial reports; therefore it is of no concern to you for this year’s  accounts.  The  further  evidence the  auditor would  seek would be  documentation  and  contracts to ensure that the dates given to you by the general manager were correct.

5.

Requirements (1) and (2): A. This is a post balance date event relating to conditions existing at balance date i.e. it is  an  adjusting  event.  In  early  June,  the  debtor  has informed Queenscorp that it has been  experiencing serious financial difficulties and it had gone into receivership on 5 July.  This is a period 1 event (ASA 560. 6, 7, 8) wherein   the   auditor   has   proactive   responsibility.   The   auditor   should   request management  to  adjust  the provision  for bad   debts account or the trade receivables account  based  on  the  preliminary  reports  that  only  10%  of the  receivables  are recoverable.

Requirement (3): The  auditor  should  obtain  an  external  confirmation  from  that particular debtor to ensure  that it had gone into receivership and the amount that would be recoverable. The auditor  should also confirm the date of receivership was in fact before the date of the audit report.

QUESTION 4 (15 Marks)

Consider each of the following independent and material situations. In each c a s e , assume that the financial report has been prepared and audited for the year ended 30 June 2010.

(a) Range Ltd, (Range) holds several parcels of land in suburban Sydney that are currently  zoned non-residential. Range has valued land  on a fair value  basis under AASB 116 Property, Plant and Equipment. This year,  however,  Range revalued the land by adopting a registered valuer's estimate of the market value of the land. This estimate included a substantial increase in value based on the general community expectation that the land will soon be rezoned for residential use.

(b) A part  of Prize  Ltd.'s operations  are in  South America.  Recent  government changes have  made  it  impossible  for  you  to  verify  the  key  accounts  of inventory, property, plant and equipment and cash and related income statement balances.

(c) Stonehouse  Ltd.'s  annual report includes  a detailed  graph  showing  sales and profit figures  for the past 10 years.  However,  there  are some inconsistencies between the graph and the figures in the audited financial report. Management does not want to change the graph because it would involve increased printing costs.

(d) Connect    Ltd.    (Connect)    is   a    subsidiary    of   a   Hong-Kong-based telecommunications  company,  Link  Ltd.  (Link).  Connect  has  suffered significant losses during its five years of operation. In previous years this did not pose a problem from an audit point of view, as  Link  pledged sufficient cash each year to cover Connect's annual reporting costs. However, Link is only able to pledge cash to cover three months of Connect's 2010  operating costs. Connect has no realistic prospect of obtaining finance from any other source. However, the directors are still hopeful of finding a financier and so have not mentioned the problem in the financial report.

(e) The audit of Jones Ltd. Was extremely difficult, as the client did not maintain appropriate books and records during the year. Although the statutory registers were maintained,  the accounting  records were not updated  for the first nine months  of the year,  as the  company  was  without an accountant  during  this period.  An  accountant was  employed  in April  and  has tried  to reconstruct records  from the details of receipts  and  payments  available. However,  the accountant  has been  unable  to reconcile  the bank  account  and you  are not satisfied that all transactions that occurred during the year are reflected in the financial report.

Required:

Assume that no adjustments are made. For each situation, identify the type of audit opinion required and explain the basis of your answers. Justify your answers, with reference to the relevant standard(s). (Total Marks: 5 X 3 Marks = 15 Marks)

Solution:

(a) Qualified opinion

Sufficient and appropriate audit evidence has been obtained (ASA 500.6). Valuing the  land  as though  it had  already  been rezoned  residential  does not  appear to represent its fair value (AASB 116).  This  uncorrected misstatement reflects on  a disagreement with management. The effect  of this is material, but not so material and  pervasive as to require an adverse opinion (ASA 705.5). Hence, a  qualified opinion must be issued (ASA 705.7a).

(b) Disclaimer of opinion

Sufficient  and appropriate  audit  evidence has not been obtained,  resulting  in a limitation  of scope  (ASA  705.A8).  You  are unable  to  gain evidence  on major assets and  their  related  income  statement  balances  (that  is, there  is a  serious limitation on the scope of the audit). The undetected misstatements resulting from the non- verifiability  of these amounts  is likely to be  so material  and pervasive that it affects many aspects of the financial report, and so you are unlikely to be able to express an opinion (ASA/ISA 705.9- 10). Given the limitation of scope on three key balances in the balance sheet and  the income statement, it appears  the financial effect would be pervasive in nature (ASA 705.5). Therefore a qualified opinion is unlikely to be appropriate. Hence, a disclaimer of opinion must be issued (ASA 705.9- 10).