ACC5903 PAPER 1 PAST EXAM SAMPLE
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PAST EXAM SAMPLE
Faculty of Business and Economics
ACC5903
PAPER 1
Question 1 (Total 6*6=36)
Provide brief explanation/justification to the following six (6) qualitative questions.
1. ‘Relevance’ and ‘reliability’ represent two key qualitative characteristics of accounting information. What do these two terms mean in an accounting context? Are they in conflict?
2. “The entity’s profit in the income statement does not really reflect its cash available.” Discuss this statement by referring to the method by which the profit is calculated to support your answer. Identify two (2) limitations in the preparation of the income statement to support your answer.
3. Who are the main users of financial information relating to a business organization? Please list and indicate 2 internal users plus 3 external users.
4. Some business follows the policy of ignoring fixed costs when faced with a decision. Will this result in correct decision being made? When will it fail?
5. Publicly traded companies listed on the stock market often have a great variety of investors. Explain how these investors may in practice themselves try to ensure that the directors always act in their best interests?
6. The Marrigold Hotel continually struggles to achieve its break-even point. What strategies could the hotel put in place to achieve its break-even point (typically expressed as an occupancy rate)?
Question 2: (13 marks)
a) Please calculate the depreciation expense for the same asset (i.e., computers) by using
different depreciation methods of the year ended 30 June 2018 for ABC company:
Asset |
Computers |
Computers |
Computers |
Acquisition cost |
$14,500 |
$14,500 |
$14,500 |
Useful life/(useful hours) |
4 |
4 |
20,000 |
Estimated residual value |
$1,500 |
$1,500 |
$1,500 |
Depreciation method |
Straight-line |
Reducing-balance* |
Units of production* |
Depreciation expense |
? |
? |
? |
*The company uses an approximated reducing-balance rate of 43%. One year of depreciation has been recorded prior to the current year.
*the computer was used 3800 hours during the year. (9 marks)
b) Oliva is a non-accounting major intern in the company, she’s quite keen to know which accounts in financial reports (Balance sheet and Income statement) would be affected if we opt for different depreciation methods? Is depreciation expense cash or not? (4 marks)
Total: 9+4=13 marks
Question 3 (13 marks)
Power Engines Ltd., manufactures a variety of engines for use in heavy equipment. The company has always produced all of the necessary parts for its engines, including all of the carburettors. An outside suppliers has offered to sell one type of carburettor to Power Engines, for a cost of $35 per unit. To evaluate this offer, Power Engines Ltd., has gathered the following information relating to its own cost of producing the carburettor internally:
|
Per unit |
15,000 units per year |
Direct materials |
$14 |
$210,000 |
Direct labour |
10 |
150,000 |
Variable manufacturing overhead |
3 |
45,000 |
Fixed manufacturing overhead, avoidable |
6 |
90,000 |
Fixed manufacturing overhead, unavoidable |
9 |
135,000 |
Total cost |
$42 |
$630,000 |
*some part of fixed manufacturing overhead is unavoidable as it will be allocated at the headquarter. |
Required:
1. Assuming that the company has no alternative use for the facilities that are now being used to produce the carburettors, should the outside supplier’s offer be accepted? Show all computations. (8 marks)
2. Suppose that if the carburettors were purchased, Power Engines Ltd., could use the freed capacity to launch a new product. The segment margin of the new product would be $150,000 per year. Should Power Engines Ltd., accept the offer to buy the carburettors for $35 per unit? Show all computations to support your decision (tips:
you may need to consider opportunity cost when you makejudgement) (5 marks) (Total = 8 + 5 = 13 marks)
Question 4 (20 marks)
The marketing department has submitted the following sales forecast for the upcoming fiscal year (all sales are on account):
|
1st quarter |
2nd quarter |
3rd quarter |
4th quarter |
Budgeted unit sales |
11,000 |
12,000 |
14,000 |
13,000 |
The selling price of the company’s product is $18 per unit. Management expects to collect 65% of sales in the quarter in which the sales are made, 30% in the following quarter, and 5% of sales are expected to be uncollectible. The beginning balance of accounts receivable, all of which is expected to convert to cash in the first quarter, is $70,200.
Required:
1. Prepare the company’s sales budget. You need to break down the table of sales budget in each quarter (8 marks);
2. Prepare the schedule of expected cash collections. You need to break down the table of cash budget in each quarter (12 marks).
(Total = 8 + 12 = 20 marks)
Question 5 (18 marks)
SustainExp is a leading consulting firm specializing in offering Environmental, Social and Corporate Governance advice to entities and meeting compliance standards. The income of SustainExp is primarily based on the billing they charge by projects. The company uses a traditional predetermined overhead rate calculated as the direct labour hours to allocate the corporate overhead. The budget for the next year is shown below:
Direct labor hours by professional staffs of the firm |
10,000 |
Direct labor cost associated with the above hours |
$800,000 |
Other support staff costs |
$300,000 |
Rent |
$100,000 |
Other expenses |
$100,000 |
Required:
(1) The company received an interest expressed by a client (job order 117), and the estimated time to complete the consultation project will be 560 hours by professional consultants of the company. Calculate the cost of the job being tendered for. (6 marks)
(2) The consulting firm considers to use ABC to allocate the overhead. The budget table
is as follows: (9 marks)
Cost pool |
Budget cost |
Potential cost drivers |
Cost driver volume |
|
Marketing |
$24,000 |
Number of advertising |
hours |
120 |
Administration |
$160,000 |
Number of administrative hours |
1680 |
|
IT support |
$120,000 |
Number of services months |
12 |
|
Training |
$90,000 |
Number of staffs training hours |
1125 |
|
Publishing |
$76,000 |
Number of reports delivery |
2000 |
|
Brand building |
$30,000 |
Times of corporate donations |
3 |
|
Total overhead |
$500,000 |
|
|
The expected resources consumed by job order 117 will be:
Potential cost drivers |
Cost driver volume |
Number of advertising hours |
30 |
Number of administrative hours |
60 |
Number of services months |
1 |
Number of staffs training hours |
70 |
Number of reports delivery |
200 |
Times of corporate donations |
0 |
Required: Calculate the job cost for job order 117 using ABC:
(3) Compare the answer from questions (1) and (2), provide an explanatio
2023-02-14