MN-M001: Managing Financial Resources
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JANUARY 2021
MN-M001: Managing Financial Resources
Question 1
The summarised Statements of Profit or Loss and Financial Position for Rainbow Plc are given below:
|
2020 £’m |
2019 £’m |
|
2020 £’m |
2019 £’m |
Sales |
705 |
714 |
Non-current Liabilities |
220 |
170 |
Gross profit |
395 |
319 |
Equity |
650 |
600 |
Operating profit |
105 |
110 |
Current Liabilities |
72 |
69 |
Interest |
16 |
12 |
Non-current assets |
839 |
709 |
Dividends |
18 |
16 |
Current Assets |
103 |
130 |
Ratios for 2019 |
|
ROCE |
14.3% |
Operating profit margin |
15.4% |
Use of assets ratio |
0.9 |
Current ratio |
1.9 |
Gearing |
22.1% |
Required:
a) Write a report for your manager using the information above. Your manager has suggested that:
You comment generally on the difference between the results for both years. [4 marks]
Then calculate the ratios for 2020 to compare with the ratios shown above for 2019. Your manager has asked that for each ratio you should:
i) State the formulae. [5 marks]
ii) Explain the meaning of the ratio in general terms. [5 marks]
iii) Calculate the ratio for 2020. [5 marks]
iv) Comment on the change in the ratios between 2020 and 2019. [3 marks]
b) State THREE limitations of ratio analysis. [3 marks] [Total 25 marks]
Question 2
Mill Ltd is considering running off road driving courses during the summer months for a total of 13 weeks. The trips could run twice a day for seven days but the sales director is cautious and has suggested that they budget for 10 courses a week. There will be two instructors employed for the 13 weeks.
Table 1. Mill Ltd |
|
Each course is sold at |
£200 |
Rental cost of an off road vehicle for whole 13 weeks |
£7,600 |
Ticket selling costs |
£1,200 |
Petrol costs for off road vehicle for each course |
£35 |
Souvenir badge for each customer |
£5 |
Wages paid to each instructor for a week |
£200 |
Instructor bonus for each time they run a course |
£10 |
Required:
a) For Mill Ltd:
i) Using the figures in Table 1, prepare the budget for the 13 weeks showing the total sales, variable costs, contribution, fixed costs, and profit or loss. [10 marks]
ii) Comment on whether Mill Ltd should run the off road driving courses. [2 marks]
b) Mill Ltd’s competitor Manuff Ltd currently runs 185 racing car courses a year. Other relevant figures are shown below:
Table 2. Manuff Ltd |
|
Fixed costs |
£25,000 |
Selling price of each course |
£220 |
Variable costs |
£60 |
Use the figures in Table 2 to:
i) Calculate the number of units to breakeven. [1 mark]
ii) Calculate the margin of safety in units and as a percentage. [2 marks]
iii) Comment on the margin of safety for Manuff Ltd. [2 marks]
iv) Identify and explain three internal and/or external factors that can influence pricing decisions of both companies. [3 marks]
Question 3
Budgeted sales and purchases figures for Bright Plc for the first five months of 2021 are:
|
January |
February |
March |
April |
May |
Sales |
£420,000 |
£475,000 |
£565,000 |
£590,000 |
£460,000 |
Purchases |
£250,000 |
£280,000 |
£330,000 |
£380,000 |
£340,000 |
Additional information:
The company's sales are 60% for cash in the month of sale and 40% on credit and are
collected in the month after the sale.
Raw materials are purchased, for cash, in the same month that the sales occur. Wages are £90,000 a month. There is an 8% pay rise planned for May.
Other expenses are estimated as £16,000 per month increasing by 25% in March 2021 .
These other expenses are paid in the month incurred.
Dividends of £120,000 will be paid to shareholders in May 2021 .
Machinery is due to be replaced in May 2021 at a cost of £30,000. Bright Plc will raise
additional finance by issuing new ordinary share capital for £15,000 in April 2021 .
Loan interest of £60,000 is due in March 2021.
Taxation of £140,000 is due in May 2021.
The budgeted opening bank balance is expected to be £15,000 at 1st March 2021.
Required:
a) Produce Bright Plc’s cash budget for the three months ending 31 May 2021 and explain why cash budgets are used in business. [20 marks]
b) Using your answers to a) above, explain what strategies the management of Bright plc could employ in the timing of cash flows to avoid a cash deficit. [5 marks] [Total 25 marks]
Question 4
Johnson Ltd produces cardboard boxes. It has a year-end of 31st December 2020. The Trial Balance is below:
|
Dr £m |
Cr £m |
Opening inventory |
3,600 |
|
Purchases |
75,920 |
|
Administration & distribution expenses |
60,500 |
|
Sales |
|
180,400 |
Building |
185,000 |
|
Machinery |
55,000 |
|
Delivery vans |
23,500 |
|
Ordinary £1.5 shares |
|
150,000 |
Share premium |
|
18,000 |
Retained profits |
|
47,000 |
Trade receivables |
22,300 |
|
Trade payables |
|
30,420 |
|
425,820 |
425,820 |
Additional information:
i) On 1st January 2020, the company took a loan of £40,000m with 5% interest. The loan interest for this year has been paid in cash on October 2020.
ii) Wages owing to employees as at 31st December 2020 amounted to £30,000m.
iii) Dividends of £10,500m were paid to ordinary shareholders on December 2020 in cash.
iv) Inventories at 31st December 2020 were valued at £2,820m
v) Taxation on profits for the year is estimated at £1,700m.
2023-01-10